高强度聚焦超声对离体兔眼晶状体组织形态和弹性变化的影响

目的：探讨不同治疗剂量高强度聚焦超声（high intensity focused ultrasound，HIFU）对兔眼晶状体组织形态和弹性变化的影响。方法：184只兔眼球随机分为空白组和HIFU组，空白组未给予HIFU辐照，HIFU组选取功率1、2W分别辐照时间3、5、8、10、15、20、25s；功率3,4、5W分别辐照时间3、5、8、10、15s；辐照完后进行组织学观察以及弹性变化检测。结果：当HIFU剂量较小时，组织学观察可见晶状体辐照区形态规则，呈水滴状；当剂量增大达到一定程度时，辐照区形态不规则，可见空化效应所致大小不等的空泡。HIFU辐照晶状体后导致晶状体弹性发生变化，空白对照组、1W、3s和15s组，2W、15s组，3—5W、8s组两两比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），余各组晶状体变化量均明显低于空白对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：HIFU辐照兔眼晶状体可影响其弹性变化，在一定的能量下空化效应可恢复晶状体的弹性。

Effect of HIFU on the histomorphology and elasticity change of crystalline lens in rabbit

Objective： To explore the influence of high intensity focused ultrasound on the histology and elasticity change of crystalline lens in rabbit. Methods： 184 eyes were randomly divided into blank group and HIFU group. The blank group didn＇t give irradiation. The eyes of HIFU group was exposed to HIFU with the acoustic power of 1,2W respectively for 3s,5s,8s, 10s, 15s, 20s and 25s; the acoustic power of 3,4,5 W respectively for 3s, 5s, 8s, 10s and 15s. After irradiation eyes fixed for histology. Based on the studies by Fisher, the elastic deformation of the crystalline lens was determinated before and after rotating. Results： Histology observation：when energy was lesser, morphology of the irraditon area was regular like the droplet. Their morphology was irregular when the energy increased,seeing lots of cavitation hubble generated by cavitational mechanisms. The irradiation by HIFU could change the elasticity of lens. Multiple comparison showed that there were no significantly difference in the elastic deformation of lens between blank group, 1 W, 3 S and 15 S group, 2 W, 15 S group and 3 - 5 W, 8 S greup（P 〉 0.05） .For the remaining groups as compared with the blank group there we,re statistical differences（P 〈 0.05）. Couclusions： HIFU irradiation in vitro rabbit lens can be affected their elasticity change,and in a certain energy cavitation effect could regain the flexibility of the lens.