|
|||||
|
|
Optimization of intumescent flame retardant system based on ammonium polyphosphate,double pentaerythritol,and zinc borate for thermoplastic polyurethane composite |
|
| Authors: | Minghao Li Yu Bai Enquan Hao Hongjie Li Chunhui Chen Wenqing Hai Ziyang Jiang Qian Meng Huiqi Shao Guangwei Shao Siyi Bi Jinhua Jiang Nanliang Chen |
| Affiliation: | 1. Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, China College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Data curation (lead), Writing - original draft (lead);2. Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering, Beijing, China Contribution: Resources (supporting);3. Zhejiang MSD Group share Co. Ltd, Zhejiang, China Contribution: Resources (supporting);4. Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, China College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China Contribution: Software (supporting);5. Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, China College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China Contribution: Investigation (supporting);6. Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, China Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China Contribution: Resources (supporting);7. Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, China College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China Contribution: Resources (supporting);8. Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China;9. Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, China College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China Contribution: Resources (lead) |
| Abstract: | The widespread industrial applications of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) are partially limited by its flammability. The design of high-performance intumescent flame retardants (IFR) is of great significance for enhancing flame retardant (FR) performance of TPU. In this work, an IFR system consisting of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), double pentaerythritol (DPER), and zinc borate (ZB) is proposed. The optimized experimental parameters with 15 wt.% additive amount of FR, APP-DPER weight ratio of 2.28:1 and 15.56 wt.% ZB content are regulated based on Box–Behnken design-response surface methodology (BBD-RSM) to obtain TPU/FR composite with superior limiting oxygen index value of 30.2%. Noticeably, the design efficiency of TPU/FR composite is significantly improved by utilizing BBD-RSM. Results of vertical burning test show that the optimized TPU/FR composite passes UL 94 V-0 rating and peak heat release rate is dramatically reduced from 1355.88 (neat TPU) to 201.01 KW/m2 through cone calorimeter test. In addition, scanning electron microscopy accompanied with Raman spectroscopy are conducted to characterize the morphology and composition of residual char for further exploring the FR mechanism of IFR system in TPU. The as-prepared TPU/FR composite has provided new potential application in engineering fields. |
| Keywords: | flame retardant thermal properties thermoplastic polyurethane |