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Morphology and crystallinity of KNbO3-based nano powder fabricated by sol–gel process
Affiliation:1. Centre for High Energy Physics, University of Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;2. Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;3. Department of Physics, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan;4. Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
Abstract:Lead-free KNbO3 (KN) powder was fabricated by sol–gel process from metal alkoxides. KN precursor solutions were prepared by different preparation conditions such as the order of reflux process for alkoxides and the kinds of solvent. KN powders were sintered at 900 °C with a heating rate of 10 °C/min. Single phase KN powder was obtained using precursor solution prepared by reflux at 120 °C. We considered that the crystallinity of KN powder was affected by the dimer in Nb-pentaethoxide of the starting chemicals. On the other hand, grain shape of the KN powder also depended on the existence of secondary phase K4Nb6O17, and the grain size of the fine powder fabricated from precursor solution prepared by reflux at 80 °C using 2-methoxethanol and ethanol solvents was estimated to be about 500 nm and 1 μm, respectively.
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