CO2地面处理、液化和运输技术

CO₂减排已成为全世界共同关注的焦点，CO₂地面处理、储存和运输技术是CO₂大规律综合利用的枢纽和关键技术。介绍了常温高压、低温低压两种CO₂液化技术；分析了管道运输、汽车槽车运输、铁路运输和船舶运输四种CO₂运输方式的优缺点，目前都存在运输成本高、储存密度低、损耗高、运输效率低等问题；运输方案的选择必须综合考虑运输量、运输设备的压力和温度条件、运输距离、市场需求和市场价格、沿线交通载体布局等因素。以Weyburn油田CO₂储存和监测项目为例，介绍了注CO₂提高油田采收率的地面处理和运输技术。指出：降低CO₂地面处理、储存和长距离运输成本，提高长距离运输的安全可靠性，将是CO₂大规模综合利用研究的热点和关键点之一；我国开展注CO₂提高采收率的潜力非常大。

Carbon Dioxide Ground Processing,Storage and Transportation

To reduce the emission of carbon dioxide in the air has been the focus of attention by the global environment，and carbon dioxide ground processing，storage and transportation become essential technology in the integrated use of CO2 in large quantities. Hereby this paper introduces two kinds of CO2 liquefied technology，one is under normal temperature and high pressure，another under low temperature and low pressure, and analyzed advantages and disadvantages of four types of CO2 transportation, i. e., pipeline，truck tanker, train tanks，and shipping vessels, pointing out the co existing problems in transportation including high cost，low storage density，high energy exaustion，and low efficiency，etc. and a cost effective transportation method to be chosen by many factors including the quantity of CO2，conditions of equipments（temperature and pressure），covering distance，demand and price on the market，traffic carrier layout along the line，and so on. Taking as an example the CO2 storage and monitoring in the Weyburn oil field (Canada)，this paper introduces the technology of injecting CO2 to enhance the EOR in the oil field and CO2 storage technology. Finally this paper puts forward that it is key point for the integrated use of CO2 in large quantities to reduce the cost in CO2 ground processing，storage and long distance transportation with highly guaranteed safety, and there is great potential in the technology of injecting CO2 to enhance the EOR in China.