TiO2 nanopowders via radio-frequency thermal plasma oxidation of organic liquid precursors: Synthesis and characterization |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan;2. Department of Materials Science, Hosei University, Kajino 3-7-2, Koganei 184-8584, Tokyo, Japan;1. Catalysis and Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India;2. Materials Division, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Chennai Campus, Chennai 600127, India;3. Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, PO Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain;4. Nanotechnology Centre, University of Bahrain, PO Box 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain;5. Department of Chemistry, Presidency College, Chennai 600005, India;1. Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, PR China;2. University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, PR China;3. Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China;1. Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Hefei, 230027, China;2. Hefei Carbon Art Technology Co., Ltd, Hefei, 230031, China;1. Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra, India;2. UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai, 400085, Maharashtra, India;1. Department of Nuclear and Energy Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea;2. Major of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Energy System, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | TiO2 nanopowders have been synthesized via Ar/O2 thermal plasma oxidation of titanium butoxide (TBO) solutions stabilized with diethanolamine (DEA). Experiments were conducted by varying the O2 input in the plasma sheath (10–90 L/min) and the DEA/TBO molar ratio (R), while keeping the plasma generation power at 25 kW and the reactor pressure at 500 Torr. The resultant powders are mixtures of the anatase and rutile polymorphs in the studied range, whose anatase content and crystallite size exhibit weak dependence on the O2 input at a fixed R. Increasing R decreases the anatase content, signifying the role of CO gas, generated via oxidation of the organic precursor, on the phase structure. FE-SEM and TEM analysis show that the resultant powders contain majority of nanoparticles (<50 nm) and some large spheres (>100 nm), whose size and/or number tends to decrease at a higher O2 input, leading to gradually increased specific surface area. Raman spectroscopy reveals no significant differences in the crystallite size and oxygen-vacancy concentration of the nanocrystals by varying the O2 input. |
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