涡轮泵流体静压轴承设计及性能特性分析

针对流体静压轴承在液体火箭发动机涡轮泵中的设计和应用，以现有的滚动轴承支承的涡轮泵转子为应用对象，提出流体静压轴承的参数设计思路，采用粒子群优化算法设计得到支承刚度最大化的轴承结构参数组合，并计算分析所设计轴承的性能以及轴承-转子系统的动力学特性。分析表明：优化设计得到流体静压轴承的承载力和支承刚度可以满足要求，但轴承总流量达泵流量的21%，这会显著降低涡轮泵的总体效率；仅将滚动轴承改为流体静压轴承，而不改变其他结构或布局，转子的稳定性不能满足要求；涡轮泵流体静压轴承转子系统设计时应尽量将轴承布置在转子位移较大的位置，以充分发挥其阻尼作用。

Design and Performance Analysis of Hydrostatic Bearings for Turbopump

The design and application of hydrostatic bearings in liquid rocket engine turbopumps was concerned.The design method of hydrostatic bearings for a turbopump rotor,which is originally designed supported by rolling bearings,was proposed.The design schemes of hydrostatic bearings with maximized stiffness were obtained using the particle swarm optimization algorithm.The performance of the hydrostatic bearings and the rotor dynamic characteristics of the rotor-bearing system were analyzed.The results show that the load capacity and stiffness of the optimized hydrostatic bearings can meet the requirements of the turbopump rotor.However,the total mass flow rate of the bearings is up to 21% of the pump flow rate,which will significantly lower the overall efficiency of the turbopump.The stability of the rotor-bearing system can not meet the requirements only by replacing the rolling bearings with hydrostatic bearings without other improvements.In the design of hydrostatic bearing rotor system,the bearing should be placed at the position where the rotor has larger displacement,so as to give full play to its damping effect.