反应性乳化剂的制备及其在纯丙乳液聚合中的应用

将马来酸酐分别与苯甲醇、正辛醇、十二醇、十四醇和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚AEO-7通过酯化、中和反应生成相应的产物,依次记为ME-B,ME-8,ME-12,ME-14和M-AEO-7,测试并对比了各产物乳化力和临界胶束浓度的大小。结果表明ME-12和M-AEO-7的综合性能较佳。采用红外光谱对2者的结构进行表征。分别将十二烷基硫酸钠SDS、ME-12和M-AEO-7用于纯丙乳液聚合中,发现采用自制的反应性乳化剂所得乳液的聚合稳定性和乳胶膜的耐水性比SDS有所提高。将ME-12分别和AEO-3(AEO-5或AEO-7)以1∶1或1∶1.5质量比复配使用,仅在m∶m=1∶1.5时乳液的耐电解质稳定性才较好,而ME-12 AEO-7单独采用M-AEO-7即能得到耐电解质性能极佳的聚合物乳液。

Synthesis of reactive emulsifiers and their application in acrylate emulsion polymerization

Maleic anhydride was esterified with benzyl alcohol,n-octanol, lauryl alcohol, tetradecyl alcohol and fatty alcohol ethoxylates AEO-7,respectively,and then neutralized.The corresponding products were marked as ME-B, ME-8, ME-12, ME-14 and M-AEO-7. The emulsifying power and critical micelle concentration were measured and compared, the results showed that comprehensive performance of ME-12 and M-AEO-7 were better, and their structures were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. Sodium dodecyl sulfate SDS, ME-12 and M-AEO-7 were used for acrylate emulsion polymerization, it found that the polymerization stability of the resulting emulsions and water resistance of its latex films prepared with homemade reactive emulsifiers were better than that for SDS. The ME-12 was also used by combing with AEO-3（AEO-5 or AEO-7） in the ratio of 1 to 1 or 1 to 1.5（by weight） respectively, it turned out that only when the ratio of ME-12 to AEO-7 was 1 to 1.5, the stability against the electrolytes was better. However, using M-AEO-7 alone was able to get the polymer emulsion with excellent electrolyte resistance.