燃煤电站氧热法联产电石的热力计算与分析

在燃煤电站整合氧热法生产电石的技术工艺路线中,电石反应器串接在锅炉炉膛前,采用干燥煤粉、石灰粉和氧气作为反应原料,反应副产物烟气和含未燃碳的飞灰送入锅炉炉膛放热并燃烧,回收其热能与化学能。基于热力学原理构建化学反应的热平衡模型,计算产出电石纯度、原料耗量和电耗、能量的利用和回收情况,并探讨变换反应原料对上述参数的影响。结果表明:煤粉氧热法产出的电石纯度为65.97%,每生产1t CaC₂,消耗煤粉1747.08kg,石灰粉980.5kg,氧气1285.25m³,电耗554.28kW·h;提高氧气纯度,各量变化十分微小,而制氧电耗大幅上升,采用不同煤种,各量的变化比较显著。论证了燃煤电站氧热法联产电石工艺的可行性,并为实际生产中原料的选取提供了理论指导。

Thermal calculation and analysis of oxygen-fuel calcium carbide production in coal-fired power station combined calcium carbide multi-generation system

Calcium carbide reactor is in tandem with boiler in coal-fired power station integrated oxygen-fuel calcium carbide production. Using dry pulverized coal, lime and oxygen as raw materials, by-products flue gas and fly ash with unburned carbon were injected into furnace to release heat and burn in order to recover their thermal and chemical energy. Based on thermodynamics theory, a thermal equilibrium model of chemical reaction was established. Purity of calcium carbide, consumption of raw materials and power, utilization and recovery of energy were calculated, and the influence of different materials on the above parameters was discussed. Purity of calcium carbide was 65.97%. For producing 1t CaC₂, consumptions of pulverized coal, lime and oxygen were 1747.08kg, 980.5kg and 1285.25m³ respectively, power consumption was 554.28kW·h. When increasing oxygen purity, each parameter changed little but power consumption of oxygen-production increased greatly. While using different pulverized coals, each parameter changed significantly. This study proved the feasibility of the above process, and provided theoretical guidance for choosing raw materials in practical production.