基于CFD的闪速炼铜余热锅炉内部流场分布研究

闪速炉余热锅炉炉膛内的烟气流动过程十分复杂，与烟气的初始流入条件、炉膛的结构及挡板、管屏的尺寸及布置方式均密切相关。因此，研究其内部的流场分布规律对于闪速熔炼的工艺优化具有积极的指导作用。本文采用计算流体力学（CFD）数值模拟方法，对某闪速炼铜余热锅炉炉膛内的流场分布规律进行了数值模拟及分析。研究结果表明：建立的余热锅炉流场数值分析方法，能够较准确反映炉膛内的流场分布情况，模型收敛性较好，模拟结果有保证；锅炉辐射室整体流速较低，对流室整体流速较高；进入辐射室的烟气分三部分流动，如何增加流过挡板的烟气动量、减小涡旋的产生是优化炉膛结构的重点。盐化风的高速射入起到了有效打散烟气团的作用，可以防止烟气大量聚集而影响辐射室内烟气的流动和换热，也可以有效保护炉膛顶部，并防止积灰。辐射室挡板的尺寸和布置方式是改变烟气入口处流场的重要因素，合理优化挡板、管屏的设计方案对于保障余热锅炉正常运行及闪速熔炼工艺的顺利进行具有重要的意义。

Flow Field Distribution in Flash Copper Waste Heat Boiler Based on CFD

The flue gas flow process in the furnace chamber of flash furnace waste heat boiler is very complex, which is closely related to the initial inflow conditions of flue gas, the structure of furnace, the size and layout of baffle and tube panel. Therefore, the study of its internal flow field distribution has a positive guiding role for the process optimization of flash smelting. In this paper, CFD numerical simulation method is used to simulate and analyze the flow field distribution in the furnace of a flash copper smelting waste heat boiler. The results show that the established numerical analysis method of waste heat boiler flow field can accurately reflect the flow field distribution in the furnace, the convergence of the model is good, and the simulation results are guaranteed. The overall velocity of the boiler radiation chamber is low, and the overall velocity of the convection chamber is high. The flue gas entering the radiation chamber flows in three parts. How to increase the momentum of flue gas flowing through the baffle and reduce the generation of vortex is the focus of optimizing the furnace structure. The high-speed injection of salinization air can effectively disperse the smoke and air mass, prevent a large amount of flue gas from gathering and affecting the flow and heat exchange of flue gas in the radiation room, and also effectively protect the top of the furnace and prevent ash accumulation. The size and layout of the baffle in the radiation chamber are important factors to change the flow field at the flue gas inlet. Reasonable optimization of the design scheme of the baffle and tube panel is of great significance to ensure the normal operation of the waste heat boiler and the smooth progress of the flash smelting process.