Experimental limitations regarding the formation and characterization of uranium-mineral phases in concrete waste forms |
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Authors: | Dawn M. Wellman Shas V. Mattigod Marcus I. Wood |
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Affiliation: | a Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Applied Geology and Geochemisty, PO Box 999, K6-81, Richland, WA 99354, USA b Fluor Hanford, 2420 Stevens Center, Richland, WA 99352, USA c Department of Geology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA |
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Abstract: | Predicting the fate of low-level radioactive waste (LLW) requires understanding radionuclide-waste form interactions. Concrete encasement is one method being considered for containment of LLW. The formation of uranium-mineral phases has been investigated in simulated concrete pore fluids and waste forms. X-Ray diffraction analyses of uranium precipitates from concrete pore fluids suggest uranium salts and -silicates are solubility-limiting phases. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopic analyses of uranium-spiked concrete suggest that under conditions both under-saturated and over-saturated with respect to the formation of uranium phases, uranyl-oxyhydroxide phases precipitate within the initial two weeks. Uranyl-silicate phases form after approximately one month and uranyl-phosphate phases provide a significant contribution to uranium retention in concrete waste forms after two months. This investigation demonstrates the importance of 1) studying the interaction of uranium in the complete matrix (i.e., concrete matrix versus pore fluids) and 2) formation of uranium-mineral phases on the retention of uranium within concrete waste forms. |
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Keywords: | Waste management (E) Radioactive waste (E) Concrete (E) Portland cement (D) Uranium |
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