基于寻租理论的工程项目主体三方博弈分析

针对我国建设监理制度下业主、工程监理和承包商之间的相互作用关系，依托公共寻租理论与委托代理理论，揭示了工程监理和承包商之间的寻租动机。运用博弈论，基于博弈方完全理性假设，建立了业主、工程监理与承包商三方静态修正博弈模型，建模方法首次将工程监理和承包商双方的决策行为分离，并提出共同寻租率的概念。通过求解三方博弈的混合策略纳什（Nash）均衡，引出若干影响各博弈方行为的关键参数，深入分析其作用机理，总结了寻租博弈的24 个结论，并在此基础上提出4 个命题，研究发现工程监理和承包商的决策行为存在一定的抵消机制，即双方的均衡共同寻租率存在“惯性”作用，以供学术界人士研讨和工程建设领域相关人员实际工作参考。

Trilateral Game Analysis of Engineering Project Subject Based on Rent-seeking Theory

Based on the theory of public rent - seeking and principal - agent theory,this paper reveals the motive of rent - seeking among the project supervisors and contractors in view of the interaction between the owners,project supervisors and contractors in Chinese construction supervision system. Based on the game theory,this paper establishes a tripartite static game model for owners, project supervisors and contractors based on the complete rational assumption of game theory. The modeling method separates the project supervision and contractors' decision-making behavior for the first time,and puts forward the concept of Co-rent rate. By analyzing the Nash Equilibrium of the three-party game,this paper draws out some key parameters which affect the behavior of each game,analyzes its mechanism deeply,summarizes the 24 conclusions of rent-seeking game,and puts forward 4 propositions,It is found that there is some offsetting mechanism between the project supervision and the contractor's decision-making behavior,that is, the equilibrium Co-rent rate exists "inertia" role for the academics to study and the relevant work in the field of engineering construction.