装配整体式住宅建造过程质量缺陷研究

为了解装配式建筑质量缺陷,通过分析济南某装配整体式高层住宅项目的现场文档资料,梳理出23个方面质量缺陷,66种缺陷表现形式,运用排列图法从设计、生产及运输、施工3个环节对质量缺陷进行定量统计,确定每个环节主要质量缺陷,解释缺陷产生原因并提出缺陷防治建议。结果表明,装配式建筑对设计工作提出了更高要求,做好构件深化设计工作对减少缺陷具有决定性作用。对生产及运输环节和施工环节质量缺陷防治,要从技术改进和强化管理措施两方面入手。出现频数高且发生在整个过程的缺陷考虑从技术层面解决,频数较低且时间分布离散性大的加强现场质量管控。3个环节主要质量缺陷、表现形式、产生原因及防治建议可为此类工程进行质量管理提供参考借鉴。

Research of Quality Defects About Industrialized Building in Construction

Based on site documents of an industrialized building project,Pareto method is used to analyze quality defects from the design,production and transportation,and construction stages. A total of 23 aspects of quality defects and 66 kinds of defect manifestations are listed in this paper. The results indicate that precast concrete elements split will increase the number of quality defects during construction. Adopting appropriate management measures can decrease the number of quality defects at the condition of fixed job team and skilled workers,but some defects occurred in the whole process so that only relying on management measures cannot solve them. The main quality defects and measures listed can be referred in similar cases when managers implement quality management works.