克拉-2异常高压气藏岩石应力敏感性测定及其对产能的影响

克拉-2气藏是深层异常高压气藏(气层压力74.5MPa,压力系数2.022),由于异常高压气藏岩石物性特点及其变化特征必将对气藏生产动态产生一定影响,本文进行相关的研究和探索。实测了克拉-2异常高压气藏岩样不同覆压下的渗透率,根据实测结果拟合出渗透率的应力敏感性幂函数表达式,总结了岩石渗透率随气藏压力或有效覆压的变化规律。考虑渗透率变化对气藏产能的影响,推导出新的产能方程。研究表明:克拉-2气藏岩样应力敏感性高于大庆油田岩样,具有异常高压气藏岩石欠压实的特点。岩样的应力敏感性使产能降低,克拉-2气藏条件下考虑应力敏感时的AOF是渗透率为常数时AOF的70%左右。该研究对深入了解异常高压气藏的产能及预测异常高压气藏的开发动态和采收率有一定意义。

Test and Study of the Rock Pressure Sensitivity for KeLa-2 Gas Reservoir in the Tarim Basin

KeLa-2 gas reservoir is the largest uncompartimentalized gas field so far discovered in China, with a reserve of hundreds of billions of cubic meters of dry gas. It has such features as extremely long interval (550m), high pressure (74.5MPa) and pressure coefficient (2.022). Gas reservoirs with a pressure coefficient of over 2.0 are not commonly found. The abnormal high-pressure reservoirs are quite different in characteristic and performance during the process of depletion exploitation. Therefore, it is necessary to know the property of pressure sensitivity for this abnormal high-pressure reservoir. The aim of this paper is to test the reservoir pressure sensitivity and to analyze its effect on the deliverability of gas. Through some experiments, the permeability change with the confining pressure of rock samples from KeLa-2 abnormal high-pressure gas reservoir is measured. A power function is used to match the measured data, and to derive an empirical equation to describe the change of permeability through the change of the reservoir pressure or effective overburden pressure. Considering the permeability change during the development of reservoirs, a conventional deliverability equation is modified, and the deliverability curve for KeLa-2 gas reservoir is predicted. The research indicates that the extent of the pressure sensitivity of rock samples from KeLa-2 is higher than that from the Daqing oilfield. KeLa-2 reservoir rock has the feature of an undercompaction state. The pressure sensitivity of a reservoir may decrease the well deliverability. It is concluded that for KeLa-2 reservoir the predicted absolute open flow (AOF), when the pressure sensitivity is taken into account, is approximately 70% of the AOF when permeability is constant and does not change with pressure.