Is NADH effective in the treatment of Parkinson''s disease?

SNAREs are compartmentally specific membrane proteins required for intracellular membrane fusion. Homologues of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Sec1p interact with, and are likely to be involved in regulation of, the syntaxin family of SNAREs. In yeast there are 7 functionally distinct syntaxins but only four clearly identifiable homologues of Sec1p. One of these, Vps45p, is required for transport from Golgi to late endosomes, and has been implicated in the function of the late endosomal syntaxin Pep12p. However, there is evidence that not all the functions of Pep12p are equally dependent on Vps45p, and conversely that the phenotypes of vps45 mutants cannot be explained entirely by loss of Pep12p activity. We have recently characterised two yeast syntaxins which function in trans-Golgi or endosomal compartments, Tlg1p and Tlg2p. We show here that the principal binding site for Vps45p on intracellular membranes is provided by Tlg2p rather than Pep12p, and that Vps45p is required for stable expression of Tlg2p. Vps45p is also associated with Tlg1p as part of a triple complex containing both Tlg1p and Tlg2p. Since a deltavps45 deltatlg2 double mutant has a more severe vacuolar protein sorting defect than a deltatlg2 mutant, Vps45p cannot only interact with Tlg2p. It appears that the role of Vps45p in protein traffic is more complex than has previously been assumed.