煤矿超千米深部全断面岩石巷道掘进机的提出及关键岩石力学问题

为解决超千米深井巷道建设面临的严峻挑战，通过对现有的巷道掘进、支护技术与全断面岩石隧道掘进机(TBM)技术对比分析，结果表明：全断面岩石隧道掘进机优势明显，且满足超千米深井巷道建设的需求，现代化大型矿井也具备引入全断面掘进机的条件，将TBM引入超千米深井巷道建设，在解决所涉及的关键岩石力学和机械制造问题后加以改进，称之为全断面岩石巷道掘进机（RBM--Full Face Roadway Boring Machine）。由于煤矿深部巷道的建设环境与隧洞建设环境存在显著差异，RBM施工将面临两大关键问题--卡盾和刀盘破岩问题。为了揭示RBM卡盾机理，指出了其关键岩石力学问题，包括超千米深井巷道RBM开挖卸荷路径下围岩挤压大变形机理，护盾周围围岩挤压变形分布规律，围岩-护盾-支护相互作用机理，卡盾判据，卡盾防治理论及方法。

Utilization of full face roadway boring machine in coal mines deeper than 1000 km and the key rock mechanics problems

In order to solve the challenge of the deep roadway construction，through comparatively analyzing the existing roadway excavation，support methods，and TBM technology，it shows that TBM has obvious advantages，and meets the needs of the roadway construction deeper than 1 000 m；modern large scale mine is also capable of introducing TBM；the authors intends to introduce TBM to roadway construction deeper than 1 000 km，which will be improved later on the basis of the involved key rock mechanics and machinery manufacturing problems having been solved，called Full Face Roadway Boring Machine (RBM).Due to the significantly difference of the construction environment between the deep coal mine roadway and tunnel，RBM construction will face two key issues：shield jamming and the rock fragmentation.In order to reveal RBM shield jamming mechanism，this paper points out the key rock mechanics problems，including：roadway deeper than 1 000 km surrounding rock masses squeezing deformation mechanism under RBM excavation unloading paths；squeezing deformation distribution law of the rock masses around the shield；the interaction mechanism between ground，shield and support；shield jamming criterion；control theory and method for shield jamming.