土遗址加固中木锚杆锚固机理的现场试验研究

木锚杆锚固机理的研究对于土遗址传统材料与工艺的科学性挖掘和当今的保护加固具有重大价值。选择代表性的土遗址（交河故城）开展现场锚固测试，包括锚固性能测试和第一界面层（杆体-浆体）剪应变监测。试验结果表明：①鉴于杆体的自然选材，不同杆体的锚固性能差异较大，但锚固潜力巨大；②受力状态下，剪应力沿着界面呈现含峰值非均匀分布；③荷载逐步增大时，界面剪应力峰值逐步向末端转移；④剪胀作用明显，增强了锚固性能；⑤兼有拉力型和压力型锚固系统的复合特征。

Field tests on anchorage mechanism of wood bolts for conservation of earthen sites

The researches on anchorage mechanism of wood bolts are of great value to the excavation of traditional materials and crafts and the current conservation of earthen sites. Taking a typical earthen site (Jiaohe ruins) as an example, field anchorage tests are carried out, including survey of anchorage performance and monitoring of shear strain on the first interface (bolt vs. grout) of the anchorage system. The test results shows that (1) there are huge differences among wood bolts due to their natural selection, however, the anchorage can afford enough forces; (2) during loading, the shear stress varies non-uniformly with peaks along the interface; (3) with the increase of the load, the peak of shear stress shifts gradually toward the end of bolt; (4) apparent shearing expansion improves anchorage performance; and (5) the anchorage of wood bolts exhibits the features of tension-type and compression-type.