Novelty in the ESR process of making large hollow ingots

The development of the formation of hollow ingots is briefly reviewed. The reasonability of application of large electroslag remelting hollow ingots, including the replacement of the forged and rolled metal of shells and rings by the low-deformed or even as-cast ESR metal, is shown. Data are presented on ESR of commercial hollow ingots produced by the remelting of short consumable electrodes exchanged in remelting.