3D打印建筑技术及其水泥基材料研究进展评述

3D打印技术具有数字化、自动化、快速高效、无模、节省材料等特点,是一种低能耗、低排放的制造技术,也是制造业升级改革的关键技术。3D打印技术在传统建筑领域具有广阔的应用前景,能够极大缩短工程建设周期、提升建筑结构可设计性,它还是一种极端环境下极具潜力的施工技术。因此,3D打印建筑技术不仅受到科研工作者的青睐,更是得到国家的大力支持。本文系统评述了国内外基于水泥基材料的3D打印建筑技术的研究进展:首先介绍了基于水泥基材料的3D打印建筑技术的起源、发展及应用;然后从可打印性能、力学性能及耐久性能三个方面对3D打印水泥基材料研究进展进行了介绍;最后提出了关于3D打印建筑技术的思考与建议,并对其发展方向进行了展望。

Progress on 3D Printing Construction Technology and Its Cement-Based Materials

3D printing technology has the characteristics of digitalization, automation, rapid and efficiency, no mold, and material saving. It is a manufacturing technology with low energy consumption and low emission, and it is also the key technology for the upgrading of the manufacturing industry. 3D printing technology has great potential in the construction industry, which can greatly shorten the construction cycle and improve the structural designability of buildings. It is a promising construction technology in some extreme environments as well. Therefore, 3D printing construction technology is not only favored by research workers but also strongly supported by governments. This review summarized the recent development of 3D printing construction technology based on cement-based materials. First, the history and application of 3D printing construction technology based on cement-based materials were introduced. Then the progress of 3D printing cement-based materials was introduced from three aspects of printability, mechanical properties,and durability. Finally, thoughts and suggestions about 3D printing construction technology were proposed. In addition, its developing tendency was pointed out.