高通量二氧化硅复合膜的制备及其渗透汽化性能研究

二氧化硅复合膜展现出的耐酸性和稳定性在渗透汽化领域有着广阔的应用前景。本文采用真空抽吸浸渍法制备二氧化硅复合膜的支撑层,得到高通量二氧化硅复合膜。本文对支撑层真空抽吸的最优条件进行探究,并采用扫描电镜对膜层的表面、截面形貌结构进行表征。结果表明,当支撑层溶胶质量浓度为2%,真空抽吸时间为10 s,真空抽吸压力为0.10 MPa时制备出致密的二氧化硅复合膜,其膜层厚度为6~7 μm。将本文制备的二氧化硅复合膜应用于异丙醇水溶液渗透汽化中,该膜显示出优异的分离性能,其中异丙醇的渗透通量为6.42 kg/(m²·h)。

Preparation and Pervaporation Performance of High Flux Silica Composite Membranes

The acid resistance and stability exhibited by silicon composite membranes hold great promise for applications in the field of pervaporation. The support layer of the silica composite membranes were prepared by a vacuum suction dipping method to obtain a high flux silica composite membrane. In this paper, the optimal conditions for vacuum suction of the support layer were explored, and the surface and cross-sectional topography of the membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscope. The results show that when the mass concentration of the supporting layer sol is 2%, the vacuum suction time is 10 s, and the vacuum suction pressure is 0.10 MPa, dense silica composite membranes are prepared with the membrane thickness around 6 μm to 7 μm. The silica composite membranes prepared in this paper are applied to the pervaporation of isopropanol aqueous solution and show excellent separation performance, and the permeation flux of isopropanol is 6.42 kg/(m²·h).