翻窗上扇框薄壁空心铝型材挤压过程数值模拟与挤压参数优化

以一翻窗上扇框复杂空心铝型材为研究对象，在前期模具结构优化基础上，采用正交试验法，以挤压速度、棒料预热温度、挤压筒预热温度、模具预热温度为试验因素，分别以型材出口截面流速均方差(SDV)和温度均方差(SDT)为试验指标，借助HyperXtrude13.0软件进行优化分析，获得了SDV和SDT指标分别为最小值时的挤压工艺参数组合。此外，进一步讨论了优化挤压工艺参数下型材出口截面的流速和温度分布，结果表明A₁B₃C₂D₁挤压工艺参数组合(挤压速度3 mm/s、棒料预热温度490 ℃、挤压筒预热温度450 ℃、模具预热温度440 ℃)可以获得最均匀的型材出口速度分布(SDV仅为1.304 5)和温度分布(SDT仅为1.182 3)。

Numerical Simulation and Extrusion Parameters Optimization for an Upper Window-fan Frame Aluminum Profile with Thin-walled Hollow Section

Based on an upper window-fan frame aluminum profile with complex hollow structure and its optimized die structure, two optimal extrusion process parameters combinations which had the minimum standard deviation of velocity(SDV) and standard deviation of temperature(SDT) data were obtained respectively by analyzing the effects of extrusion speed, billet preheating temperature, container preheating temperature, die preheating temperature by means of orthogonal test method and Hyperxtrude13.0 software for numerical optimization. In addition, the velocity and temperature distributions in exit section of profile extruded by optimal extrusion process parameters were discussed. The results indicated that the most uniform velocity distribution with SDV merely being 1.3045 and temperature distribution with SDT only being 1.1823 in profile exit could be achieved for using A₁B₃C₂D₁ extrusion process parameters combination(extrusion speed 3 mm/s, billet preheating temperature 490 ℃, extrusion cylinder preheating temperature 450℃, die preheating temperature 440 ℃).