3D打印混凝土技术在澳大利亚的最近研究进展

3D打印,又被称为增材制造,是通过逐层累积叠加制造三维物体的一种技术手段。过去几年中,这种技术吸引了越来越多来自建筑业的关注。与传统混凝土浇筑技术相比,3D打印混凝土的应用可以实现更加高效的自由建筑制造,同时减小对人工劳动力的依赖。在全球范围内,由于相关高校和科研单位的积极参与,关于3D打印混凝土的研究工作取得了巨大的进展,其中包括澳大利亚的相关研究。本文主要对澳大利亚在3D打印混凝土研究方面有代表性的两所高校的最新进展进行介绍,两所学校分别是皇家墨尔本理工大学(RMIT大学)和斯威本科技大学。本文首先介绍了两所高校的打印设备及其特点,随后讨论了具体研究领域和近期发表的相关文章。RMIT大学主要侧重于研究纤维增强对3D打印混凝土力学性能方面的影响,而斯威本科技大学则着重研究3D打印地聚物混凝土的性能。本文旨在促进相关领域研究人员对澳大利亚3D打印混凝土研究团队和研究进展的理解。

A Review of Recent Research Progress of 3D-Printed Concrete in Australia

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a technology to fabricate three-dimensional objects via layer-by-layer additive deposition process. Over the past few years, 3D printing has been attracting increasingly attention from the building and construction industry. Compared with the traditional concrete casting technique, the application of 3D concrete printing (3DCP) results in higher efficiency with freeform construction and less dependence on labor. Globally, the research work on 3DCP has experienced a substantial increase over the last few years thanks to the active research teams from different universities and institutions, including those in Australia. This review paper aims to provide information in the recent progress on the 3DCP research by two Australian universities, including RMIT University and Swinburne University of Technology. The printing facilities and their printing characteristics in both universities were described at first, followed by the discussion on research area and recent publications. The research team from RMIT University focuses on the effects of fibres on the mechanical performance of 3D-printed concrete. On the other hand, the properties of 3D-printed geopolymer concrete have been widely investigated by the group from Swinburne University of Technology. It is anticipated that this paper can help develop a better understanding in the research progress in 3DCP contributed by Australian research teams.