基于氨工质的新型电动汽车空调系统性能研究

R134a制冷剂的GWP值较高，即将被淘汰，目前还没有明确采用何种制冷剂来替代R134a。鉴于此，本文提出将氨作为R134a的替代制冷剂应用到电动汽车空调上，并对设计的氨工质电动汽车空调系统的性能进行研究。结果表明:氨工质电动汽车空调系统的理论COP随蒸发温度、过冷度的升高而增大，随冷凝温度、过热度的升高而降低；研究设计的氨工质电动汽车空调系统的理论COP为4.09，与R1234yf的理论COP相当，但经二次回路设计后氨比R1234yf安全可靠；与R152a相比，氨的GWP值更低，环保性更好；与CO₂相比，氨的COP更高，节能性更好。

Performance Research of New Electric Vehicle Air Conditioning System Based on Ammonia Working Medium

The GWP value of R134a refrigerant is high, and the refrigerant will be eliminated in the future. However, it is not clear that what kind of refrigerant would replace R134a. In view of this, this paper puts forward that using ammonia as alternative refrigerant of R134a, and applies this to the electric vehicle air conditioning system. At the same time, we conducted a performance research for ammonia working medium electric vehicle air conditioning system. The research result shows that the theoretical COP of ammonia working medium electric vehicle air conditioning system increases with the increase of evaporation temperature and super cooling degree, decreases with the increase of condensation temperature and superheat degree. The theoretical COP of ammonia working medium of electric vehicle air conditioning system is 4.09, which is equivalent to the R1234yf theory COP. However, As for the improved system, Ammonia is more safe and reliable than R1234yf. Compared to R152a, ammonia GWP is lower, and has a better environmental performance. Compared to CO2, ammonia COP is higher andmore energy can be saved.