荣昌陶土的基本性能及应用评价

为科学开发利用荣昌地区陶土资源,采用XRD、XRF、薄片分析等分析技术,对荣昌陶土进行基本性能测试,并与其他地区陶土原料进行对比研究。结果表明:荣昌地区陶土主要化学成分为SiO₂、Al₂O₃、Fe₂O₃,其中SiO₂含量偏高,基础配方制陶试验反映,成型性能良好;荣昌陶土矿晶相以石英为主,其次为高岭石和白云母;单一陶土原料烧结温度范围在1 080~1 150 ℃;古佛山页岩(1#)、荣昌白砂(2#)、荣昌白泥(3#)、陶都二矿3号(8#)陶土的吸水率趋近于0%,呈瓷化或过烧状态,具一定的助熔性;广富黄砂(5#)、陶都二矿1号(6#)、陶都二矿2号(7#)陶土的吸水率偏高,多为砂质黏土;荣昌地区陶土可塑性略低于宜兴的紫砂原料;另外荣昌陶土中的重金属含量微小,不足以造成陶瓷产品中的重金属溶出危害。

Basic Properties and Application Evaluation of Clay in Rongchang Area

In order to scientifically exploit and utilize clay resources in Rongchang area, basic properties of Rongchang clay were tested by XRD, XRF, slice analysis and other analysis techniques, and the mineral properties of Rongchang clay were compared with those of other areas, so as to provide scientific basis for exploitation and utilization of the clay resources in Rongchang area. The results show that the clay in this area belongs to siliceous weathered sandy mud and shale rocks. The main chemical composition of clay is SiO₂, Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃, in which the SiO₂ content is relatively high. The forming property is good through the basic formula pottery test. Quartz is the main crystal facies of the clay mine in this area, followed by kaolinite and muscovite. The sintering temperature range of single clay raw material is between 1 080 ℃ and 1 150 ℃. The water absorption of Gufoshan shale (1#), Rongchang white sand (2#), Rongchang white mud (3#) and Taodu two mine No.3 (8#) clay is close to 0%, which belongs to the state of porcelain or overburning, and has certain fluxibility. The water absorption of Guangfu yellow sand (5#), Taodu two mine No.1 (6#) and Taodu two mine No.2 (7#) clay is high, and most of them are sandy clay. The plasticity of the clay in this area is slightly lower than that of Yixing Zisha. In addition, the content of heavy metals in Rongchang clay is small, which is not enough to cause the damage of heavy metals dissolution in ceramic products.