基于特征离子的谢桥井田煤矿透水水源判别

矿井突(涌)水是采矿过程中最具威胁的灾害之一。能否准确快速地判别矿井突水水源,不仅是矿井水文地质工作的主要内容,而且是煤矿防治水工作的重要基础。以安徽淮南煤矿谢桥井田为例,在分析其主要含水层水文地质特征的基础上,利用Aqua Chem软件分别绘制出砂岩裂隙水和灰岩水的Piper三线图,经比较发现在Piper三线图中砂岩裂隙水和灰岩水分布区域存在明显差异,且砂岩裂隙水中次阴离子为HCO_3~-,而灰岩水中次阴离子为SO_4~(2-)。根据这一特点,选定SO_4~(2-)和HCO_3~-作为砂岩裂隙水和灰岩水的水源判别特征离子,通过对SO_4~(2-)/HCO_3~-比值分析比较发现:砂岩裂隙水中SO_4~(2-)/HCO_3~-比值小于0.55,正确回判率高达100%;灰岩水中SO_4~(2-)/HCO_3~-比值大于等于0.55,正确回判率高达91%。

Water inrush source identification of Xieqiao Coal Mine based onPiper diagram and characteristic ions

Mine water inrush is one of the most threatening disasters in mining engineering. How to identify the source of mine water inrush exactly and quickly is not only the major content of mine hydro-geological work, but also the important foundation of mine water inrush prevention. Based on the analysis of hydro-geological characteristics of the main aquifer of Xieqiao Coal Mine, we used AquaChem software to map the Piper diagrams of sandstone fissure water and limestone water respectively. The comparison shows that the distribution area of sandstone fissure water and limestone water is obviously different in Piper diagram. The secondary anionic for sandstone fissure water isHCO^-₃ while that for limestone water isSO₂^-4. According to the above characteristics, we selectedSO₂^-4andHCO^-₃ as the characteristic ions for source identification of sandstone fissure water and limestone water. The comparison ofSO₂^-4/HCO^-₃ ratio shows:SO₂^-4/HCO^-₃ ratio for sandstone fissure water is lower than 0.55, and the identification accuracy is 100% ; the ratio for limestone water is no less than 0.55, and the accuracy is 91%.