转谷氨酰胺酶改良青稞粉品质和青稞饼干口感研究

为了改良青稞粉的品质以及青稞加工制得的饼干粗糙、较难下咽的口感问题,采用转谷氨酰胺酶对青稞粉进行半固态发酵,考察发酵前后青稞粉的品质及青稞饼干的口感。通过综合评价发酵前后青稞粉的谷蛋白溶胀指数、保水力和总糖含量,确定转谷氨酰胺酶的较佳发酵工艺条件;并比较发酵与未发酵青稞粉制得的饼干感官得分。结果表明,转谷氨酰胺酶发酵温度25℃,酶处理时间5 h,酶质量分数0.3%条件下,谷蛋白溶胀指数为3.36、保水力为60.70%,总糖质量浓度为7.19 mg/mL。与未发酵时相比,发酵青稞粉制得的饼干在制作过程中更易形成面筋,且口感更佳,香气怡人。

Study on Improving Quality of Highland Barley Flour and Taste of Highland Barley Biscuit by Transglutaminase

In order to improve the quality of highland barley flour and the taste of highland barley biscuit which is rough and difficult to swallow,the semi-solid fermentation of highland barley flour with transglutaminase was performed,and the quality of highland barley flour and the taste of highland barley biscuit were investigated.The optimum conditions were selected via evaluating swelling index of glutenin,water retention and total sugar content before and after fermentation.Sensory scores of highland barley biscuits before and after fermentation were compared.The results showed that with the conditions of fermentation temperature 25℃,enzymatic time 5 h,and enzyme mass fraction 0.3%,the swelling index of glutein,water retention rate,and total sugar content were 3.36,60.70%,and 7.19 mg/mL,respectively.In comparison with biscuit of highland barley,the biscuit of fermented highland barley was easy to form gluten during the making process and had better taste and pleasant aroma.