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Gemini Cationic Surfactants: Synthesis and Influence of Chemical Structure on the Surface Activity |
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| Authors: | Nabel A Negm Maher A El-Hashash Dalia E Mohamed John M Marquis Manal M Khowdiary |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Petrochemicals, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt 2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt 3. Cooperation Petroleum, Cairo, Egypt |
| Abstract: | Three cationic gemini surfactants were synthesized and characterized using different methods. Their surface activities were measured using surface and interfacial tension measurements. The effect of the spacer chain length on the surface activity, emulsification power and interfacial tension was studied. The thermodynamic parameters showed the tendency towards micellization and adsorption. The results showed that longer spacers increased the micellization tendencies of the surfactants, while shorter spacers increased the adsorption tendency at the air–water interface. |
| Keywords: | Gemini surfactants Spacer group Surface activity Thermodynamics |
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