Application of a Novel,Heated, Nine-Reflection ATR Crystal and a Portable FTIR Spectrometer to the Rapid Determination of Total <Emphasis Type="Italic">Trans</Emphasis> Fat |
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| Authors: | Magdi M Mossoba John K G Kramer Hormoz Azizian Jana Kraft Pierluigi Delmonte Ali-Reza Fardin Kia Francisco J Bueso Jeanne I Rader Jung K Lee |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Office of Regulatory Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Mail Stop HFS-717, Room BE-012, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, MD 20740-3835, USA;(2) Guelph Food Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada;(3) NIR Technologies Inc., Oakville, ON, Canada;(4) College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA;(5) Office of Food Defense Communication and Emergency Response, CFSAN, FDA, College Park, MD, USA |
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| Abstract: | Since trans fat labeling requirements became mandatory in the US and many other countries, there has been a need for rapid and accurate
analytical methodologies that can facilitate compliance with the various regulations. The determination of total trans fatty acids by mid-infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a widely used procedure that was standardized and validated as AOCS Official
Method Cd 14e-09 (negative second derivative infrared spectroscopic method for the rapid (5 min) determination of total isolated
trans fat) in 2009. The C–H out-of-plane deformation mid-IR band observed at 966 cm−1 is uniquely characteristic of isolated (non-conjugated) double bonds with trans configuration. AOCS Official Method Cd 14e-09, the most recent attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform IR (ATR-FTIR)
official method, entails the measurement of the height of the negative second derivative of the trans absorption band. In the present study, the performance of a novel, portable FTIR system equipped with a heated 9-bounce diamond
ATR crystal was evaluated and compared to that of a conventional benchtop single-bounce ATR-FTIR spectrometer. The introduction
of the 9-bounce diamond ATR crystal resulted in the lowering of the limit of quantification of trans fat, as a percentage of the total fat, from approximately 2 to 0.34%. The data collected from accurately weighed gravimetric
standards and 28 unknown test samples ranging in trans fat content from about 0.5 to 54%, as a percentage of the total fat, indicated that this IR official method and the use of
the new 9-bounce portable ATR-FTIR instrumentation could lead to a five-fold enhancement in sensitivity relative to single-bounce
systems. Implementing these changes would facilitate regulatory compliance and verification of fat and oil samples for trans fat content in the US and other countries, since all of the published regulations (e.g., “0 g trans fat per serving”) have levels of trans fat, as percentage of total fat, that exceed 0.34%. |
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