新型阳离子淀粉的制备及其溶液的表面活性

阳离子淀粉在造纸及纺织工业中有广泛的用途。常用的阳离子淀粉不易制备,价格贵,有较强的亲水性而较弱的亲油性,因此影响其表面活性。采用三乙胺与环氧氯丙烷反应制备阳离子化试剂有利于解决上述问题。反应便于控制,容易合成,增强其亲油性。本文报道这种新型阳离子淀粉的制备。通过对各种影响因素的分析,确定适宜的工艺条件为:反应温度,45~50℃;反应时间,4.5 h;氢氧化钠浓度,0.2 mol/L;反应物料比,阳离子化剂/淀粉葡萄糖单元=0.8/1。并测定其水溶液的表面张力降至52.8mN/m,表明该产品具有良好的表面活性。

Preparation of a novel kind of cationic starch and surface activity of its aqueous solution

Cationic starch is extensively used in paper making and textile industry.Conventional cationic starch is not easy to prepare and expensive.It is disadvantageous in high affinity for water and low for oil,affecting its surface activity.To remedy these defects,a novel kind of cationic starch is prepared by using epoxypropyl-triethylammonium chloride and starch.Analyzing various reaction factors the optimum reaction condition is determined as follows: temperature,45-50℃;reaction time,4.5h,concentration of sodium hydroxide,0.2mol/L,the ratio of reactant,n(epoxypropyl-triethylammonium chlorid(Ⅰ)/n(starch)=0.8/1.The surface tension of the aqueous solution of this cationic starch is deceased to 52.8mN/m,exhibiting good surface activity.