高氮高酸重质原油加工工艺的开发

针对辽河原油为代表的高氮、高酸重质原油的特点 ,提出了以溶剂脱氮工艺为核心的延迟焦化 溶剂脱氮 催化裂化 (或加氢裂化 )组合加工工艺 ,开发了用高氮减压渣油为催化裂化 ,尤其是加氢裂化装置提供优质原料的新工艺。溶剂脱氮工艺 ,可将焦化馏分油中绝大部分裂化性能优良的饱和烃保留在脱氮油中 ,氮脱除率达 85%以上 ,脱氮油质量优于直馏馏分油 ;富含芳烃的抽出油 ,既可返回焦化装置加工提高焦炭质量 ,亦可用来生产高附加值化工产品。与传统加工工艺相比 ,该组合工艺装置投资少、流程简单、加工费用低 ,有效解决了高氮、高酸重质原油加工过程中所遇到的难题。该工艺已实现工业化。渣油预处理工艺具有很强的脱氮、脱重金属和脱残炭能力 ,与催化裂化工艺组合也是加工高氮、高酸重质原油行之有效的工艺路线之一。

DEVELOPMENT OF WORSING CRUDE PROCESSING

A combination process taking solvent denitrifying as the core i.e,delayed coking solvent denitrifying catalytic cracking (or hydrocracking) was proposed in view of the worsing crude from Liaohe.A new process producing superior feedstocks from nitrogenous vacuum residue for FCCU especially for hydrocracker was developed.Most of the saturated hydrocarbons with excellent crackability from coker distillate can be remained in denitrified oil through solvent denitrifying process,the denitrification percent reached over 85%,the quality of denitrified oil was superior to the straight run distillate.Extract oil with rich aromatics can be not only recycled to coker to enhance the coke quality,but used to produce high value added chemical products as well.Compared to conventional processes,the combination process has advantages of low investment cost,simple process scheme and low processing cost.It has been commercialized,and difficulties in processing worsing crude were overcome effectively.Residue pre treating process has strong abilities to denitrify,remove heavy metals and carbon residue.The combination process of residue pre treating with catalytic cracking is also an effective process for worsing crude.