混凝土小型空心砌块建筑温度场现场跟踪监测研究

为解决小砌块建筑的温度裂缝问题,我们对杭州市一小砌块试点建筑进行了为期近一年的现场跟踪监测研究。监测内容包括屋面和墙体的温度、墙体位移、墙体应力及墙体裂缝。本文主要介绍温度场的跟踪监测研究。研究表明对于砌块砌体结构只需考虑沿墙体和屋面厚度方向的一维温度场;小砌块建筑的日温度变化与天气情况紧密相关,晴天变化剧烈,阴雨天变化缓慢;日平均温度从夏季到冬季逐渐降低,日温差随季节变化不明显;日温差变化符合对数正态分布和极值I型分布。结合现场实测的温度参数进行了试点建筑的温度效应有限元分析。实测及计算结果表明,小砌块建筑顶层端开间的各墙体易开裂,需要采用构造柱、芯柱及圈梁等的加强措施。

Research on site tracing monitoring of temperature field of concrete small hollow block building

Thermal crack problem is the primary factor that hinders the development of concrete small hollow block building (CSHBB). In order to resolve the problem, the site tracing monitoring of temperature field had been done nearly one year in a pilot concrete resmall hollow block building in Hangzhou. The items of monitoring includes temperature of roof and wall, displacement, stress and crack of wall. Studies showed that temperature field of CSHBB to be considered is one dimensional; daily temperature variation of CSHBB is mainly influenced by weather conditions, which changes much in sunny day and little in rainy and cloudy days. Average daily temperature of CSHBB falls from summer to winter, while the variation of difference in daily temperature of CSHBB changes little as season changes. By the statistical method, the probability model of difference in daily temperature of CSHBB fitted logarithmic normal distribution and extreme form I distribution. Thermal effects of the CSHBB are calculated by the finite element method in combination with the measured temperature data. Studies showed that walls of CSHBB are easy to crack in the corners of top floor, therefore measures should be taken to strengthen them by using constructional concrete columns, core columns and ring beams.