深海锰结核采矿输送过程对海水水质的影响研究

模拟深海采矿输送环境, 研究了深海锰结核在采矿输送过程中重金属的溶出情况, 考察其对海水水质产生的影响。结果表明: 在锰结核矿浆体积浓度15%(液固质量比1.65∶1)、溶出时间30 min、溶出温度25 ℃、搅拌速度200 r/min、溶出压力10 MPa最优溶出条件下, 海水中重金属Pb、Zn、Ni和Mn的浓度最高, 但均未超过《海水水质标准》(GB3097-1997)Ⅳ类水水质标准, 因此, 此类以氧化矿为主的锰结核采矿输送过程不会造成海水重金属污染。

Impact of Deep-sea Mining of Manganese Nodules on Seawater Quality

By simulating transportation environment in deep-sea mining, the dissolution of heavy metals during the transportation of manganese nodules in deep-sea mining was studied, and its impact on seawater quality was also investigated. The results show that under the optimal dissolution conditions, including manganese nodule pulp at the concentration of 15% by volume (liquid-solid mass ratio of 1.65∶1), dissolution time of 30 min, dissolution temperature at 25 ℃, stirring speed at 200 r/min, and dissolution pressure of 10 MPa, the concentration of heavy metals of Pb, Zn, Ni and Mn reach the highest level, but do not exceed the water quality standard Grade IV stipulated in the “Sea Water Quality Standard”(GB3097-1997). It is concluded that the transportation of manganese nodules that is predominantly oxidized ores, will not bring heavy metal pollution to sea water.