基于脂肪酸的磷矿捕收剂的研制与应用进展

对近年来以脂肪酸为基础开发磷矿选矿药剂的研究进展进行了论述. 系统地介绍了以脂肪酸为原料研制的四类磷矿捕收剂，即:混合脂肪酸皂化类、脂肪酸衍生物类、脂肪酸转化类和羟肟酸类. 从脂肪酸出发，对脂肪酸皂化、改性、羧基转化和羟肟化的合成方法及捕收剂的选矿效果进行了概述，分析了各改性捕收剂的选矿原理，对这些捕收剂的进一步开发提出了相应的建议. 指出了根据工艺矿物学特征开发多功能基的选矿药剂成是提高选矿效率的关键，因此，对价廉的原料进行化学改性，开发高效催化剂提高捕收剂的合成效率是以脂肪酸为基础开发磷矿选矿药剂的有效途径.

Research and Application Progress in Flotation Collectors Based on Fatty Acids for Phosphorus Ores

The recent research developments of phosphate flotation collectors based on fatty acids werereviewed. There are four types phosphorous ore collectors: mixed fatty acid saponated substances， fatty acidderivatives， fatty acids conversion products and hydroxyl oxime acids. The synthetic methods of the collectors， such as saponification， derivatization， transformation and hydroxyl oximation of fatty acid， and the effects of collector used for separating phosphorous ore were introduced， and the flotation principles of the collectors were analyzed. Furthermore， the research directions in future of phosphorus ore flotation collectors were proposed. It was suggested that the key approach to improving mineral processing efficiency is to develop multi?functional beneficiation reagents according to the technological mineralogy characteristics. To develop the beneficiation reagents of phosphate rock based on fatty acids， we should use cheap raw materials for chemical modification to reduce the cost and develop effective catalysts to increase the synthesis efficiency of collectors.