锗量的分析方法进展

对多种含锗原料不同的前期预处理方式、后期锗含量分析方法及其原理以及适用的条件、范围进行了概述,包括传统方法具有的一些优势以及存在的问题。指出锗含量分析方法的难点主要在于含锗原料中极低的锗含量、成分的复杂性、干扰元素的存在。对锗含量分析方法的改进和发展方向进行了展望：1）传统方法包括一些细节上的操作需要更多的经验把握,简单、高精度、高效率、无毒害、不污染环境等是未来锗分析方法的主要发展方向;2）将不同的前处理方法与后期分析方法相结合,有时候还可以结合多种方法来进行分析,减小实验带来的误差;3）分析方法不应局限于实验室,更应推广到实际生产中;4）针对复杂含锗原料中除锗之外共存干扰元素太多的问题,一方面需要采取更合适的前处理方法将锗与共存干扰离子分离,另一方面需要提高分析方法中的元素抗干扰能力。

Progress in analytical methods of germaniumcontent

The different pre-treatment methods,the post methods of analyzing germaniumcontent and their principles,the applicable conditions and the scope of the various germanium-containing raw materials were summarized.The advantages and problems of traditional methods were also introduced.It was pointed out that the difficulty of the current method of analyzing the content of germanium lies in the extremely low actual germanium-containing raw materials,the complexity of the composition and the presence of interfering elements.The improvement and development direction of the germaniumcontent analysis method were prospected：a）The traditional method,including some detailed operations,requires more experience. Simple,high-precision,high-efficiency,non-toxicity and no environmental pollution are the main development directions of germanium analysis methods in the future;b）Combining different pre-processing methods with post-analysis methods,sometimes multiple methods can be combined to analyze,reducing the errors caused by experiments;c）Analytical methods should not be limited to laboratories,but should be extended to actual production;d）Aiming at the problem of too many coexisting interfering elements other than germanium in complex germanium-containing raw materials,on the one hand,a more appropriate pre-treatment method needs to be adopted to separate germanium from coexisting interfering ions,and on the other hand,it is necessary to improve the anti-interference ability of the elements in the analysis method.