中国传统熨斗的形制分类及造物思想

目的 以中国传统熨斗为研究对象,研究其形制分类及造型特征,挖掘传统造物智慧和文化内涵,传承弘扬中华传统优秀文化。方法 从设计学角度出发,结合考古类型学,对收集到的图像可考与现存可见的37件传统熨斗进行形制分类及造型特征研究。综合考虑传统熨斗基本造型和结构特征,将其分为斗形、船形、鸟形等三型五式。在形制分类的基础上总结传统熨斗的演变轨迹,从结构功能、造型装饰、文化内涵三个方面提炼传统熨斗的造物思想。结论 考证了中国传统熨斗的常见形制,挖掘了其在结构功能上传达出的“致用利人”造物逻辑、在造型装饰上体现出的“制器尚象”造物方式、在文化内涵上反映出的“器以载道”造物智慧,为传承与发展传统造物思想提供了一定的理论依据。

Shape Classification and creation ideas of Chinese Traditional Iron

This paper aims to take the traditional Chinese iron as the research object, study its shape classification and modeling features,excavate the wisdom and cultural connotation of traditional creation and carry forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture. From the perspective of design and combined with archaeological typology, this paper studied the shape classification and modeling characteristics of the 37 traditional irons collected from the image available and extant. Considering the basic shape and structural characteristics of traditional iron, it can be divided into three types and five styles, such as bucket-shaped, boat-shaped and bird-shaped. The evolution trajectory of traditional iron is summarized on the basis of shape classification, and the creation ideas of traditional iron is refined from three aspects :structure function, modeling decoration and cultural connotation. The common shapes and structures of Chinese traditional irons are researched, and the logic of "use for the benefit of people" expressed in the structure and function, the way of "making vessels and worshiping images" reflected in the modeling decoration, and the wisdom of" vessels to carry the way" reflected in the cultural connotation are explored, which provides a theoretical basis for the inheritance and development of traditional ideas of creation.