基于超级电容的储能模块自放电分析

低功耗自供电设备随着物联网技术的不断进步逐渐成为发展主流。基于超级电容搭建的储能模块可应用于低功耗自供电智能设备,但超级电容的自放电特性会导致存储能量的损失及端电压的下降,不利于低功耗自供电设备的功耗管理及测量。文中建立了所述储能模块的等效可变漏电阻模型,通过实验确定了等效模型中的相关参数并通过Matlab/Simulink数值仿真软件对该储能模块的自放电过程进行了分析。最后对仿真结果进行了分段线性化拟合以便于后续测试误差修正或数学计算,并使用拟合后的等效电路模型预测了自放电期间储能模块的电压变化。该电压变化值与实验所测结果吻合,验证了模型的有效性,为低功耗自供电设备的电源管理单元设计及功耗测量等奠定了基础。

Self-discharge analysis of energy storage module based on supercapacitor

Low-power self-powered equipment has gradually become the mainstream of development with the continuous ad-vancement of Internet of Things technology. Energy storage module based on supercapacitors can be applied to low-power self-powered smart devices, but the self-discharge characteristics of supercapacitors will cause the loss of stored energy and the drop in terminal voltage, which is not conducive to the power consumption of low-power self-powered devices Management and measurement. This paper established a variable leakage resistance model which is used to analyze the introduced energy storage module. The relevant parameters in the equivalent model were deter-mined through experiments and the self-discharge process of the energy storage module was analyzed by Matlab/Simulink numerical simulation software. Finally, the simulation results are fitted with piecewise linearization in order to facilitate subsequent test error correction or mathematical calculations in the future, and the fitted equiva-lent circuit model is used to predict the voltage change of the energy storage module during self-discharge. The volt-age variation of the energy storage module predicted by the equivalent model agreed well with the experimental data, validated the proposed model. The work in this paper completes the basical steps for the designation of power man-agement unit and the power consumption measurement in low-power & energy autonomous devices.