食源性植物多糖改善糖尿病引发肾损伤的研究进展

糖尿病是一类由于胰岛素分泌缺陷或其生物作用受损而引起的代谢性疾病, 主要表现特征为高血糖。人体长期处于高血糖状态, 会导致各种组织和器官受损, 尤其是是眼、肾、心脏、血管和神经等的慢性损伤或者功能障碍。植物多糖, 是植物细胞代谢产生的聚合度超过10个的聚糖。许多食源性植物多糖具有一定的生物活性, 能够调节血糖水平, 因此植物多糖在医学、食品和餐饮领域已得到了较为广泛的应用。本文对具有改善糖尿病引发肾损伤功能的食源性植物多糖的来源及功效进行整理, 综述了食源性植物多糖改善糖尿病肾损伤的作用机制, 并对未来食源性植物多糖在改善糖尿病肾损伤领域的应用前景进行展望。

Research progress of food-derived plant polysaccharides in improving kidney damage caused by diabetes

Diabetes is a type of metabolic disease caused by defective insulin secretion or impaired biological effects. The main manifestation of diabetes is hyperglycemia. Long-term high blood sugar in the human body can cause damage to various tissues and organs, especially chronic damage or dysfunction of the eyes, kidneys, heart, blood vessels and nerves. Plant polysaccharides are glycans with a degree of polymerization exceeding 10 produced by the metabolism of plant cells. Many food-derived plant polysaccharides have certain biological activities and can regulate blood glucose levels. Therefore, plant polysaccharides have been widely used in medicine, food and catering. This article summarized the sources and effects of food-based plant polysaccharides that could improve kidney damage caused by diabetes, summarized the mechanism of food-based plant polysaccharides in improving diabetic kidney damage, and prospected the future application prospect of foodborne plant polysaccharides in the field of improving diabetic kidney injury.