Hardfill坝与重力坝结构特性对比分析

摘 要：Hardfill坝是一种介于重力坝与土石坝之间的新坝型，其基本剖面为对称梯形，上游设防渗层，采用一种称为Hardfill的低强度材料通仓碾压填筑。为了解Hardfill坝的结构安全性能，以重力坝作为参照，运用结构模型试验方法，结合有限元数值模拟，对Hardfill坝的应力和变形进行研究，分析其结构方面的特点及优势。研究结果表明：Hardfill坝在各种工况下均有良好的工作性能，坝体以压应力为主，整体应力水平较重力坝低，应力梯度较小，且基本沿剖面中心线呈对称分布，无明显应力集中。在相同超载倍数下，Hardfill坝坝体变位较重力坝小。对比表明，Hardfill坝极限承载能力强，超载系数大，坝体应力分布均匀，是一种高安全性的坝型。

Contrastive Analysis on Structural Characteristic of Hardfill Dam and Gravity Dam

Abstract:Hardfill dam is a new-type dam between the gravity dam and the earth-rock dam. The basic profile of the dam is symmetrical trapezoid and the seepage materials are placed in upper stream, and a low strength material that called Hardfill material is used to roller-compacted construct this dam. In order to investigate the structure safety performance of Hardfill dam, the structure model test and FEM were used to analysis the stress and deformation of Hardfill dam, and its characteristics and advantages in structure were concluded by comparing with the gravity dam. The results showed that Hardfill dam had good work performance in each condition. The dam body mainly endured the compressive stress, the overall stress level and the stress gradient were lower than those of gravity dam, and the stress were basic symmetrically distributed along the center line of the profile, without obvious stress concentration. And on the same overloading coefficient, the displacement of Hardfill dam was smaller than gravity dam. Contrastive analysis showed that Hardfill dam had good performance on ultimate bearing capacity and overloading coefficient, and the dam stress were uniformly distributed. Hardfill dam is a kind of high security dam.