花状NiO纳米片自组装体的制备与表征

以硝酸镍、尿素为原料,在醇-水介质中,85℃恒温条件下,用均匀沉淀法制备出花状纳米片自组装结构Ni(OH)_2沉淀,该沉淀经400℃煅烧制得具有花状形貌的NiO纳米片自组装体.采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、Fourier变换红外光谱、Brunauer-Ennett-Teller(BET)比表面积方法对粉体进行表征.研究表明:该NiO粉体为六方结构,其纳米片尺寸约为2μm × 3μm,厚度约为100nm,曲面间隙约为0.8μm,具有微孔结构.BET法测得粉体的比表面积为108.66m~2/g,制得的粉体具有明显的纳米效应,Ni-O键振动峰值(403.6cm~(-1))较非纳米颗粒(487.1 cm~(-1))蓝移了84.5cm~(-1),乙醇对花状结构NiO纳米片自组装体的形成具有重要作用.分析了花状NiO纳米片自组装体的形成机理.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FLOWER-LIKE NiO NANOARCHITECTURES

Flower-like NiO nanoarchitectures, comprising self-assembled nanosheets, were prepared by heated Ni(OH)_2 at 400 ℃, which were synthesized using Ni(NO_3)_2·4H_2O and urea with ethanol and water as media under the condition of constant temperature of 85 ℃ by homogeneous precipitation. The structures and properties of powder have been studied by various techniques such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared(FTIR), BET (Brun-auer-Emmett-Teller). NiO nanoarchitectures are of hexagonal structure. The size of the nanosheets is 2 μm × 3 μm with the thickness less than 100 nm and the clearance is about 0.8 μm. BET surface area is around 108.66 m~2/g. FTIR analysis shows that the flower-like NiO nanoarchitectures have a pronounced nano effect. The infrared adsorption band of the flower-like NiO (403.6 cm~(-1)) is blue-shift 84.5 cm~(-1) compared that of bulk NiO(487.1 cm~(-1)). It shows that the ethanol has an important influnce on the formation of the flower-like nanoarchitectures. The forming mechanism of flowerlike NiO nanoarchitectures were preliminarily analysised.