牛栏江—滇池补水工程对滇池外海水质变化的多方法评价研究

为评价牛栏江—滇池补水工程开通前后滇池外海的水质变化,以2009年～2015年滇池外海水质实测数据为例,采用单因子评价法、综合污染指数法、灰色关联度分析法和模糊综合评价法对滇池外海的水质变化进行评价。结果表明,单因子评价法具有单一性和片面性,水质类别均为劣Ⅴ类;综合污染指数法可以评价水质级别,但不能评价水质类别;灰色关联度分析法可以看出水质类别逐渐向Ⅲ类、Ⅳ类转变的趋势;模糊综合评价法和实测值对比,能客观反应水质类别。综合4种评价方法可以看出,牛栏江—滇池补水工程开通后滇池外海水质好转。

Evaluation of Water Quality Change of Dianchi Lake after the Operation of Niulan River-Dianchi Lake Water Supplement Project with Multiple Methods

In order to evaluate the water quality change of Dianchi Lake before and after the operation of Niulan River-Dianchi Lake Water Supplement Project,the single factor evaluation method,comprehensive pollution index method,grey relational analysis method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are used to evaluate water quality based on measured water quality data of Dianchi Lake from 2009 to 2015.The results show that,(a)the single factor evaluation method has unity and one-sidedness,and the evaluation result of water quality category is poor Class V;(b)the comprehensive pollution index method can evaluate the water quality level,but cannot evaluate the water quality category;(c)the grey correlation analysis results show that the water quality category gradually changes to Class III and IV;and(d)the comparison between the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results and the measured value can objectively reflect the water quality category.By integrating the evaluation results of four evaluation methods,it can be seen that the water quality of Dianchi Lake has improved after the operation Niulan River-Dianchi Lake Water Supplement Project.