大幅度降低页岩气开发成本的技术途径

页岩气是一种典型的低品位边际油气资源，单井控制体积小，钻井、完井和压裂改造技术要求高，作业量大，开发成本高，工业化和商业化开采难度大，因此探索降低页岩气开发成本的技术途径具有重要意义。分析了北美地区低成本页岩气开发技术历程及发展趋势，对比了我国页岩气藏与北美地区的差别，认为资源品位偏低、山区地貌、复杂地质构造、强水平应力使我国页岩气开发的难度更大、技术要求更高、成本压力更大，需要在页岩气开发模式方面实现创新。提出了适度规模开发、精细储层评价、提高钻井效率和储层改造效率等降低页岩气开发成本的技术途径。建议重点发展小井眼技术、水基钻井液技术和无水体积压裂技术，逐步形成适合我国国情的山区低成本开发模式与技术，通过综合技术集成降低页岩气开发成本。 

A Technical Approach to Reduce Shale Gas Development Cost

Shale gas is one typical low-quality marginal gas resource featuring in small drainage volume from a single well as well as high technical requirements on drilling,completion and fracturing.Besides,it requires significant operation workload and high development cost,posing difficulty for commercial development.Therefore, to find a solution to lower the cost of shale gas development is of great significance.Based on the evolutionary history and development trend of the low-cost shale gas development technologies in North America,and the comparison of shale gas reservoirs between China and North America,it was considered that low resource quality,mountainous landform,complex geologic structure and high horizontal stress of shale gas reservoirs in China make the development more difficult,which pose high requirement and development cost issues.In view of all those aspects,technical approaches including development in appropriate scale,fine reservoir characterization as well as enhancement of drilling efficiency and reservoir stimulation were proposed.It was suggested that priority be given to slim hole drilling,water-based drilling fluid and waterless fracturing.Development mode and techniques for shale gas development in mountainous areas should be gradually developed and cost reduction of shale gas development would be realized through techniques integration.