多种杀虫剂对菜蛾绒茧蜂的毒性比较

10种不同类型的杀虫剂分别作用于菜蛾绒茧蜂（Cotesia plutellae）的蛹期和成虫期，观察这些杀虫剂对绒茧蜂的影响。试验表明，敌敌畏和杀虫双处理蜂茧后降低了成蜂羽化率，其他杀虫剂处理蜂茧后并未影响成蜂的羽化。在成虫触杀和胃毒试验中，毒死蜱、杀虫双和多杀霉素的毒力最高，在24h内可导致成蜂100％死亡，其他的菊酯类杀虫剂和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂的毒力次之，阿维菌素和甲氧虫酰肼的毒力最低，没有任何影响。胃毒作用存活的雌蜂寄生率降低。在叶片残留试验中，毒死蜱的毒力最高，成虫死亡率达100％；敌敌畏、氯氰菊酯、丁硫克百威、杀虫双和多杀霉素的成虫死亡率在22％～40％，其他几种杀虫剂均没有死亡。

Comparative Toxicity of Several Insecticides to Cotesia plutellae

This study investigated the effect of ten different insecticides on pupal and adult stage Cotesia plutellae(Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Pupal treatment with dichlorvos and bisultap reduced emergence of adult wasps, whilethe other insecticides had no effect. Chlorpyrifos, bisultap, and spinosad showed the highest toxicity in adult contactand ingestion experiments, with 100% mortality 24 h after treatment; other pyrethroid and carbamate insecticides wereless effective, and abamectin and methoxyfenozide showed no effect. Pesticide ingestion reduced parasitic activity insurviving female wasps. In leaf residue experiments, chlorpyrifos had the highest toxicity, with 100% mortality inadult wasps, while dichlorvos, cypermethrin, carbosulfan, bisultap, and spinosad provided 22 to 40% mortality, andthe remaining insecticides had no effect.