2008—2020年煤矿事故统计分析及防范对策

基于2008—2020年我国煤矿事故数据,从事故发生的时间、地区、等级、类型4个方面进行统计分析并建立事故等级与类型关系的数学模型。分析结果表明:煤矿事故夏季多发、冬季较少,事故数量具有明显的季节性差异;事故起数与死亡人数在时段上分布不均匀、不对应;近5年一般事故起数有明显增长的趋势且与顶板、机电、运输事故关系密切,减少一般事故的发生可从防控顶板、机电、运输事故入手;受煤炭资源分布、赋存条件、开采情况影响,事故起数和事故类型存在地区差异。依据煤矿事故发生规律,对煤矿事故防范对策进行了讨论,认为煤矿企业应不断落实国家的宏观规划,事故的防治措施应因时、因地制宜,加强煤矿应急系统建设,完善煤矿事故资料。

Statistical analysis and prevention countermeasures of coal mine accidents from 2008 to 2020

Based on data of coal mine accidents in China from 2008 to 2020, statistical analysis was carried out from time, region, grade and type of accident, and a mathematical model of the relationship between accident grade and type was established. The results show that there are more accidents in summer and fewer accidents in winter, and coal mine accidents have obvious seasonal differences; the number of accidents and the number of deaths are unevenly distributed and not corresponding in time; in recent 5 years, the number of general accidents has an obvious increasing trend and is closely related to roof, mechanical and electrical accidents and transportation accidents, to reduce the occurrence of general accidents, we can start with the prevention and control of roof, transportation and mechanical and electrical accidents; the number of accidents and the types of accidents are affected by the distribution of coal resources, occurrence conditions, and mining conditions. According to the law of accidents, the accident prevention countermeasures were discussed, and it was believed that coal mine enterprises should continue to implement the national macro-plan, accident prevention measures should be adjusted to the time and local conditions, improve the coal mine emergency system, and complete coal mine accident data.