复杂环境下建(构)筑物控制爆破拆除的设计与应用

结合湖南岳阳某水泥厂厂房控制爆破拆除情况,通过爆破方案及参数的设计,介绍了炸高的选取,以及利用控制爆破多段延时起爆技术的利弊,经过科学的理论计算采取了有效的防护措施降低了爆破危害,并通过爆破测振仪TC-4850测振数据详细分析了爆破拆除过程中的振动情况,为以后相关类似实例提供了宝贵工程经验。

Research and practice of vacuum explosion welding for metal cladding product

In order to effectively control the harmful effects of explosive shock wave,noise and vibration,2,50,270 m3真空爆炸容器,在真空度为-0.086MPa的条件下,开展了系列金属复合材料的爆炸焊接实验研究工作,探索了相应的生产工艺和参数。270m3真空爆炸容器的测试数据显示,其顶部的冲击波超压略大于左侧、右侧和后侧方位的数值。在炸药距离相同条件下顶部的冲击波超压是侧部的5倍左右,实验炸药的药量从70kg增加到120kg,容器顶部的冲击波超压均小于50MPa。结果表明,通过科学合理设计真空爆炸容器,可有效避免空气冲击波对环境和生态的破坏、噪声扰民以及爆炸振动等危害,不仅完全符合国家环保法规和政策要求,而且复合率可达100%,产品的性能和质量更优,有望实现车间化工业生产,为爆炸复合金属材料产业提供了一条绿色发展之路。In order to effectively control the harmful effects of explosive shock wave,noise and vibration,2,50,270 m³ vacuum explosive containers were designed and manufactured.Under the condition of vacuum degree of-0.086 MPa,a series of explosion welding experiments of metal cladding product were carried out,and the corresponding production process and parameters were explored.The test data of 270 m3 vacuum explosion vessel showed that the shock wave overpressure at the top of the vessel was slightly greater than its left,right and rear directions.The shock wave overpressure at the top of the vessel was about 5 times of the side at the same distance from the explosive.The explosive quantity of the test explosive increased from 70 kg to 120 kg,and the shock wave overpressure at the top of the vessel was less than 50 MPa.The results showed that the damage of air shock wave to environment and ecology,noise disturbance to people and explosive vibration could be effectively avoided by scientifically and rationally designing the vacuum explosion vessel.It not only mets the requirements of national environmental protection regulations and policies,but also had a composite rate of100%,and the product has better performance and quality.It is expected to realize workshop-oriented industrial production,which will provide a green development road for explosion welding of metal cladding industry.