不同装药结构的双向聚能药包爆破数值研究

为了对比不同装药结构的双向聚能装药爆破效果、更好地指导工程实践,基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA的SPH和ALE方法,在保证椭圆长短轴比为15∶11、长轴为30 mm的情况下,研究了聚能管材料分别为紫铜和PVC时椭圆双极线型双向聚能药包爆破随锥角的变化规律,同时分析不同外壳形状对聚能射流的影响。结果表明:药型罩为紫铜的情况下,随着椭圆双极线型聚能药包锥角不断减小,装药面积逐渐减小,但聚能射流头部速度增大;随着药型罩锥角不断减小,用于形成杵体的药型罩质量增大,用于形成射流的药型罩质量有所下降;聚能管材料为PVC时与聚能管为紫铜聚能药包爆破的变化规律基本一致;椭圆+直线型外壳和椭圆型外壳形成的聚能射流头部速度基本一致,但前者相对后者节省药量,此外两者形成的射流头部速度相对直线型外壳的要小;SPH和ALE两种算法实现的计算结果趋于一致,表明采用数值模拟方法的有效性。研究结果对线型聚能装药结构及参数优化具有一定的指导意义。

Numerical study of two-way shaped charge blasting with different charge structures

In order to optimize the parameters of two-way shaped charge with different charge structures and better guide the engineering practice, based on SPH and ALE methods of ANSYS/LS-DYNA, under the condition of keeping the ratio of long axis to short axis is 15∶11 and the long axis is 30 mm, the variation law of blasting with cone angle of oval bi-polar bi-directional two-way shaped charge is studied respectively when the shaped charge tube is made of red copper and PVC. At the same time, the influence of different shell shape on shaped charge jet is analyzed. The results show that when the liner is made of copper, the charge area decreases with the decrease of cone angle of oval bipolar linear shaped charge, but the head velocity of shaped charge increases. With the decrease of cone angle of shaped charge, the mass of shaped charge used to form pestle body increases, while the mass of shaped charge used to form jet decreases; The change rule shaped charge whose the material of shaped charge is PVC is basically the same as the material of red copper. The velocity of the shaped charge jet head formed by the oval and linear shell is basically the same as that formed by the oval shell, but the former saves the amount of charge compared with the latter. In addition, the velocity of the jet head formed by the two shells is smaller than that of the linear shell; The results of SPH and ALE are consistent, which shows the effectiveness of the numerical simulation method. The research results have a certain guiding significance for the optimization of structural parameters of linear shaped charge.