Metabolic profile of linoleic acid in stored apples: Formation of 13(R)-hydroxy-9(Z),11(E)-octadecadienoic acid |
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Authors: | Till Beuerle Wilfried Schwab |
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Affiliation: | Lehrstuhl für Lebensmittelchemie, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, D-97074 Germany |
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Abstract: | During our ongoing project on the biosynthesis of R-(+)-octane-1,3-diol the metabolism of linoleic acid was investigated in stored apples after injection of 1-14C]-, 9,10,12,13-3H]-, 13C18- and unlabeled substrates. After different incubation periods the products were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy
(MS), high-performance liquid chromatography-MS/MS, and HPLC-radiodetection. Water-soluble compounds and CO2 were the major products whereas 13(R)-hydroxy- and 13-keto-9(Z),11(E)-octadecadienoic acid, 9(S)-hydroxy-and 9-keto-10(E),12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid, and the stereoisomers of the 9,10,13- and 9,12,13-trihydroxyoctadecenoic acids were identified as
the major metabolites found in the diethyl ether extracts. Hydroperoxides were not detected. The ratio of 9/13-hydroxy- and
9/13-keto-octadecadienoic acid was 1∶4 and 1∶10, respectively. Chiral phase HPLC of the methyl ester derivatives showed enantiomeric
excesses of 75% (R) and 65% (S) for 13-hydroxy-9(Z),11(E)-octadecadienoic acid and 9-hydroxy-10(E),12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid, respectively. Enzymatically active homogenates from apples were able to convert unlabeled linoleic
acid into the metabolites. Radiotracer experiments showed that the transformation products of linoleic acid were converted
into (R)-octane-1,3-diol. 13(R)-Hydroxy-9(Z), 11(E)-octadecadienoic acid is probably formed in stored apples from 13-hydroperoxy-9(Z),11(E)-octadecadienoic acid. It is possible that the S-enantiomer of the hydroperoxide is primarily degraded by enzymatic side reactions, resulting in an enrichment of the R-enantiomer and thus leading to the formation of 13(R)-hydroxy-9(Z),11(E)-octadecadienoic acid. |
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