复杂地区三维地震资料拼接中的一致性处理技术

在复杂地区三维地震资料拼接中,一致性处理是关键技术之一,其效果对成像质量影响重大.阐述了基于地震信号运动学和动力学特征的一致性处理技术,其基本原理是,首先对各区块地震数据进行精细速度分析和精确静校正处理;然后应用剩余振幅分析补偿值对拼接数据进行振幅一致性处理,使两个工区地震数据的均方根振幅达到同一水平;再通过子波处理技术对相邻区块的地震数据进行相位一致性处理,使地震数据的相位达到一致;最后通过地表一致性反褶积对整个工区的地震数据进行波形一致性处理.通过以上处理,保证了地震数据的运动学特征和动力学特征一致.与常规三维地震资料拼接处理技术相比,在复杂地区三维地震资料拼接处理中,该一致性处理技术可以最小化各区块地震资料之间的品质差异和边界影响.

Consistent processing technology for splicing 3-D seismic data in complex area

In splicing 3-D seismic data, consistent processing is one of the key technologies because it has a great effect on imaging quality. Consistent processing technology based on seismic signal kinematic and kinetic characteristics was elaborated. The basic principles are as follows: firstly, accurate velocity analysis and precise statics correction were applied to the seismic data from all blocks; secondly, residual amplitude analysis compensation value was used to carry out amplitude consistent processing on splicing data so as to make the root-mean-square amplitude of the seismic data from two blocks reach the same level; thirdly, wavelet processing technology was used to carry out phase consistent processing on the seismic data from neighboring area; finally, surface consistent deconvolution was used to carry out waveform consistent processing on the seismic data from the whole working area. Through the above processing, the kinematic and kinetic characteristics of seismic data were ensured to be consistent. Compared to the conventional 3-D seismic data splicing technology, this method can minimize the quality difference and boundary effects between spliced seismic data.