Isoprenoids: Remarkable diversity of form and function |
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Authors: | Holstein Sarah A Hohl Raymond J |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Internal Medicine, C32 GH, University of Iowa, 52242 Iowa City, IA |
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Abstract: | The isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway is the source of a wide array of products. The pathway has been highly conserved throughout
evolution, and isoprenoids are some of the most ancient biomolecules ever identified, playing key roles in many life forms.
In this review we focus on C-10 mono-, C-15 sesqui-, and C-20 diterpenes. Evidence for interconversion between the pathway
intermediates farnesyl pyrophosphate and geranylgeranly pyrophosphate and their respective metabolites is examined. The diverse
functions of these molecules are discussed in detail, including their ability to regulate expression of the β-HMG-CoA reductase
and Ras-related proteins. Additional topics include the mechanisms underlying the apoptotic effects of select isoprenoids,
antiulcer activities, and the disposition and degradation of isoprenoids in the environment. Finally, the significance of
pharmacological manipulation of the isoprenoid pathway and clinical correlations are discussed. |
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