| Abstract: | History of freeze drying until 1910 Freeze drying or lyophilization is not an invention of the 20. or 19. century as many may believe. Central asian tribes probably knew the sublimation drying at atmospheric pressure before more than 10.000 years. The knowledge of the process migrated even through the american continent and is still in use for producing pemmikan or the south american “cuno” potatoes. Regarding the achievable vacuum below 1 hPa, it would have been possible, to realize modern vacuum freeze drying since 1782. With his cryophorus, Wollaston demonstrated the first sublimation of water vapour. The first lyophilisation of today’s definition was proceeded by Richarrd Altmann, professor for anatomy at the Leipzig university in 1890. |
