乳酸菌胞外多糖的研究进展

乳酸菌胞外多糖是乳酸菌在生长代谢过程中分泌到细胞壁外、常渗于培养基中的一类天然的生物高分子聚合物。由于胞外多糖具有降低胆固醇、抗肿瘤、促进菌体在肠粘膜上的粘附和免疫应答以及可作为食品增稠剂和稳定剂等重要的生理和物理特性而成为近年来的研究热点。了解乳酸菌胞外多糖的合成途径、结构以及构效关系,对于提高乳酸菌胞外多糖产量、深入了解其生物活性相关机制具有重要的意义。综述了乳酸菌胞外多糖的分类、构效关系、生物合成机制以及生物活性。

Research progress in exopolysaccharides produced by lactic acid bacteria

Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are natural biological polymers which are excreted outside the cell wall and infiltrated into the medium during lactic acid bacteria(LAB) growth and metabolism. It has been becoming a research hotspot recently because of its important physical properties and physiological functions, such as reducing cholesterol, antitumor, promoting thalli adhesion to intestinal mucosa, immune response and being used in foods as thickener and stabilizer. It is extremely significant to study its biosynthetic pathway, structure and structure-activity relationship for improving the EPS yield and understanding the correlative mechanism. The classification and biosynthesis mechanism of EPS, as well as their structure- activity relationship and biological activity were summarized.