车轮结构对转向架区域噪声的影响

为了解车轮结构对转向架区域噪声的影响，基于RAYNOISE软件平台，建立转向架区域噪声预测模型。利用该模型，预测了转向架区域内侧及外侧各场点的噪声，分析了动/拖车车轮、车轮制动盘以及低噪声阻尼车轮对转向架区域各场点噪声的影响。预测结果表明：动车车轮、拖车车轮两种车轮结构对钢轨噪声的影响很小，而车轮噪声及转向架区域的噪声影响显著，直型辐板的动车车轮结构能较好地降低轮轨噪声及转向架区域噪声，有利于降低车外噪声。当车辆运行速度为200 km/h、250 km/h时，安装车轮制动盘有利于减小转向架区域各场点噪声，场点4位置降噪量分别达到0.4 dB(A)和0.9 dB(A)。低噪声阻尼车轮可以在一定程度上降低转向架区域各场点的噪声，三种阻尼车轮分别使场点4位置的降噪量达到8.0 dB(A)、8.0 dB(A)、4.6 dB(A)。

Influence of Wheel Structure on the Noise in Bogie Area

The model for prediction of the noise in bogie area is developed based on the software platform RAYNOISE.The noise at different points inside and outside the bogie area is predicted,the influences of different wheel structures,such as the driving/driven wheel,the wheel with a brake disc and the damped wheel,on the noise at these points are analyzed.The prediction results show that the difference of structures between the driving and driven wheels has little influence on the rail noise,but has a large influence on the wheel noise and the bogie area noise.The driving wheel with a straight web has a better performance in reducing the wheel/rail noise and the bogie area noise.When the vehicle travels at the speeds of 200km/h and 250 km/h,the wheel with a brake disc can reduce the noise in the bogie area,the noise reductions at field point 4can reach 0.4 dB（A） and 0.9 dB（A） respectively.Damped wheels can also reduce the noise in the bogie area.The noise reductions at field point 4 can reach 8.0 dB（A）,8.0 dB（A） and 4.6 dB（A） respectively for the three types of the damped wheels.